{"id":11584,"date":"2024-08-06T11:29:41","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T08:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/?p=11584"},"modified":"2024-08-06T11:29:43","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T08:29:43","slug":"frc-v-televizoroch-a-monitoroch-vysvetlenie-jeho-fungovania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/frc-v-televizoroch-a-monitoroch-vysvetlenie-jeho-fungovania\/","title":{"rendered":"FRC v telev\u00edzoroch a monitoroch, vysvetlenie jeho fungovania"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Modern\u00e9 monitory a telev\u00edzory pon\u00fakaj\u00fa \u0161irok\u00fd v\u00fdber zobrazovac\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed, od lacn\u00fdch po \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 modely. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd segment medzi t\u00fdmito zariadeniami zah\u0155\u0148a tie, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa technol\u00f3giu umelej \u00fapravy farieb, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facu \u013eudsk\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie na zlep\u0161enie kvality obrazu. Tieto zariadenia vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa technol\u00f3gie zn\u00e1me ako FRC (Frame Rate Control) alebo dithering. Aj ke\u010f sa tieto pojmy \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa zamenite\u013ene, predstavuj\u00fa mierne odli\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy s rovnak\u00fdm cie\u013eom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Frame Rate Control (FRC)<\/strong> je technol\u00f3gia, ktor\u00e1 umelo prid\u00e1va farebn\u00e9 t\u00f3ny do obrazu. Rob\u00ed to z\u00e1mern\u00fdm zmenen\u00edm farby pixelu, aby vytvorila plynulej\u0161ie prechody medzi odtie\u0148mi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dithering<\/strong> na druhej strane zav\u00e1dza do obrazu \u0161um, \u010d\u00edm vyhladzuje p\u00f4vodn\u00fd farebn\u00fd odtie\u0148, aby dosiahol podobne jemn\u00e9 prechody medzi farbami.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Farebn\u00e9 t\u00f3ny pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 obrazovkami s r\u00f4znymi bitov\u00fdmi r\u00fdchlos\u0165ami<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pochopenie po\u010dtu odtie\u0148ov a h\u013abky farieb m\u00f4\u017eeme ilustrova\u0165 na pr\u00edklade 8-bitovej matice. Vo videu je p\u00f4vodn\u00fd obraz pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00fd v troch z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch: modrej, \u010dervenej a zelenej. Ka\u017ed\u00fd pixel na obrazovke sa sklad\u00e1 z troch subpixelov, po jednom pre ka\u017ed\u00fa farbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Digit\u00e1lny sign\u00e1l v surovej podobe m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 reprezentovan\u00fd 2 bitmi (zapnut\u00e9 alebo vypnut\u00e9) s r\u00f4znym po\u010dtom blokov. Na 8-bitovom displeji m\u00f4\u017ee jeden subpixel predstavova\u0165 2^8 farieb, \u010do zodpoved\u00e1 256 odtie\u0148om. Ke\u010f\u017ee na vytvorenie jednej farby sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa tri subpixely, celkov\u00fd po\u010det mo\u017en\u00fdch odtie\u0148ov sa vypo\u010d\u00edta takto: 256\u00d7256\u00d7256=16,7 mili\u00f3na odtie\u0148ov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tu je kr\u00e1tky preh\u013ead monitorov a telev\u00edzorov na z\u00e1klade ich h\u013abky farieb a kvality obrazu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u013abka farieb<\/strong><\/th>Farby<\/strong><\/th>Pou\u017eitie<\/strong><\/th>S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 relevancia<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
6-bit<\/strong><\/td>0,26 mili\u00f3na<\/td>Najlacnej\u0161ie monitory, preva\u017ene na kancel\u00e1rsku pr\u00e1cu, nehodia sa na grafiku.<\/td>Ved\u00faci v\u00fdrobcovia toto kvalitu vo svojich produktoch nepou\u017e\u00edvali viac ako desa\u0165 rokov.<\/td><\/tr>
8-bit<\/strong><\/td>16,7 mili\u00f3na<\/td>Monitory strednej triedy, vhodn\u00e9 na pr\u00e1cu s grafikou, ale nie profesion\u00e1lne.<\/td>90 % telev\u00edzorov a monitorov pou\u017e\u00edva 8-bitov\u00e9 obrazovky. Viac ako polovica telev\u00edzorov je vybaven\u00e1 obrazovkami tejto triedy, vr\u00e1tane lacn\u00fdch LED telev\u00edzorov a z\u00e1kladnej \u00farovne QLED telev\u00edzorov.<\/td><\/tr>
10-bit<\/strong><\/td>1,07 miliardy<\/td>Vysoko kvalitn\u00e9 monitory, vhodn\u00e9 na \u00fapravu fotografi\u00ed a in\u00e9 \u00falohy, ktor\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00fa vynikaj\u00face farebn\u00e9 prechody.<\/td>In\u0161talovan\u00e9 v pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch telev\u00edzoroch.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ako funguje FRC na displejoch<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u013dudsk\u00e9 oko m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fa zotrva\u010dnos\u0165. V d\u00f4sledku toho sa dva \u010dasto meniace sa obrazy zl\u00fa\u010dia do jedn\u00e9ho. Ak sa pozer\u00e1te na obrazec, ktor\u00fd men\u00ed farbu z bielej na \u010diernu s vysokou frekvenciou, bude sa javi\u0165 \u0161ed\u00fd. Presne tak funguje FRC. Ak sa na pixeli s vysokou frekvenciou menia dva \u201esusedn\u00e9\u201c farebn\u00e9 odtiene, oko uvid\u00ed medzifarebn\u00fd odtie\u0148, ktor\u00fd v palete matice v skuto\u010dnosti nie je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak v\u00e1\u0161 telev\u00edzor alebo monitor podporuje FRC, t\u00e1to technol\u00f3gia funguje na \u00farovni hardv\u00e9ru. Existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne algoritmy na vytv\u00e1ranie medzit\u00f3nov obrazu, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne n\u00e1zvy, ako napr\u00edklad 8bit+A-FRC, klasick\u00fd 8bit+FRC, 8bit+Hi-FRC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vo v\u0161eobecnosti niektor\u00e9 sn\u00edmky zobrazuj\u00fa farby zodpovedaj\u00face palete matice danej h\u013abky farieb, ale nahr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa skuto\u010dn\u00fa farbu. Napr\u00edklad na obr\u00e1zku ni\u017e\u0161ie prechod z tmavomodrej na tyrkysov\u00fa vedie k zjavnej a n\u00e1padnej zmene farby. Nasleduj\u00faca ilustr\u00e1cia schematicky ukazuje, ako skupina po sebe nasleduj\u00facich pixelov funguje na obrazovke bez a s FRC a ako \u010dlovek vn\u00edma farbu.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
    \n
  • Sn\u00edmka 1:<\/strong> Prechod je jasne vidite\u013en\u00fd, preto\u017ee farby s\u00fa zobrazen\u00e9 tak, ako s\u00fa: prv\u00e9 dva pixely s\u00fa tmav\u0161ie a \u010fal\u0161ie dva s\u00fa svetlej\u0161ie. \u010clovek vn\u00edma zrete\u013en\u00fd farebn\u00fd prechod.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Sn\u00edmka 2:<\/strong> Vstupuje do hry FRC, ktor\u00e1 men\u00ed farby druh\u00e9ho a tretieho pixelu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Sn\u00edmka 3:<\/strong> Vizu\u00e1lne \u010dlovek vn\u00edma t\u00fato zmenu pixelov ako vznik dodato\u010dnej farby, ktor\u00e1 na 8-bitovej obrazovke neexistuje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Dosiahne displej 8-bit + FRC skuto\u010dne 10-bitov\u00fa kvalitu?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Samozrejme, \u017ee nie. Bez oh\u013eadu na pou\u017eit\u00fa technol\u00f3giu displej 8-bit + FRC nikdy skuto\u010dne nezobraz\u00ed miliardu odtie\u0148ov. Hoci m\u00f4\u017ee vizu\u00e1lne zobrazi\u0165 viac odtie\u0148ov a zlep\u0161i\u0165 kvalitu obrazu, st\u00e1le bude zaost\u00e1va\u0165 za skuto\u010dn\u00fdm 10-bitov\u00fdm displejom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V re\u00e1lnych podmienkach je vn\u00edmanie odtie\u0148ov obrazu ve\u013emi individu\u00e1lne. Niektor\u00ed \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu vn\u00edma\u0165 200000 odtie\u0148ov zelenej, in\u00ed iba 10000 a niektor\u00ed dokonca mili\u00f3n. Presne zmera\u0165 po\u010det odtie\u0148ov, ktor\u00e9 displej s FRC zobrazuje, je ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a vy\u017eaduje \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1. Navy\u0161e, neprekonate\u013enou prek\u00e1\u017ekou pre spr\u00e1vne ur\u010denie po\u010dtu odtie\u0148ov je individu\u00e1lne vn\u00edmanie, ktor\u00e9 je z\u00e1kladom celej technol\u00f3gie FRC.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Modern\u00e9 monitory a telev\u00edzory pon\u00fakaj\u00fa \u0161irok\u00fd v\u00fdber zobrazovac\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed, od lacn\u00fdch po \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 modely. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd segment medzi t\u00fdmito zariadeniami zah\u0155\u0148a tie, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa technol\u00f3giu umelej \u00fapravy farieb, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facu \u013eudsk\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie na zlep\u0161enie kvality obrazu. Tieto zariadenia vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa technol\u00f3gie zn\u00e1me ako FRC (Frame Rate Control) alebo dithering. Aj ke\u010f sa tieto pojmy \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa zamenite\u013ene, predstavuj\u00fa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[87],"class_list":["post-11584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-tv","tag-technologia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11588,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11584\/revisions\/11588"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}