{"id":11721,"date":"2024-09-09T23:30:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T20:30:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/?p=11721"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:17:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T13:17:31","slug":"co-je-hdr-video-popis-a-vysvetlenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/co-je-hdr-video-popis-a-vysvetlenie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je HDR video: popis a vysvetlenie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V roku 2016 bola hlavnou novinkou v telev\u00edzoroch podpora HDR (High Dynamic Range), \u010do predstavuje video s roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdm rozsahom h\u013abky farieb a t\u00f3nov. HDR nevzniklo n\u00e1hodne. Najprv, v roku 2010, za\u010dali v\u00fdvoja na zlep\u0161enie kvality displejov a bolo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee \u010doskoro sa objavia displeje, ktor\u00e9 nebud\u00fa schopn\u00e9 zobrazova\u0165 obsah v po\u017eadovanej kvalite pomocou \u0161tandardn\u00e9ho videa. Tak sa na\u0161lo rie\u0161enie, ako zlep\u0161i\u0165 kvalitu obsahu s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi HDR \u00fadajmi. V roku 2016 sa objavili telev\u00edzory QLED a OLED schopn\u00e9 pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 miliardy odtie\u0148ov (10-bitov\u00e1 h\u013abka farieb) s integrovan\u00fdm HDR spracovate\u013esk\u00fdm softv\u00e9rom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co by ste mali vedie\u0165 o HDR<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

HDR s\u00fa metad\u00e1ta zabudovan\u00e9 v kodekoch; tieto metad\u00e1ta s\u00fa nastaven\u00e9 pri nat\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed videa alebo generovan\u00e9, ke\u010f hern\u00e1 konzola vytv\u00e1ra video stream. Mo\u017eno sa p\u00fdtate, pre\u010do s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 metad\u00e1ta, ke\u010f po\u017eadovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zabudovan\u00e9 priamo v kodeku? Pre\u010do prid\u00e1va\u0165 metad\u00e1ta? Je to jednoduch\u00e9. HDR je navrhnut\u00e9 pre displeje, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa 10-bitov\u00fa h\u013abku farieb; 8-bitov\u00fd displej zobrazuje 256 odtie\u0148ov jasnosti, zatia\u013e \u010do 10-bitov\u00fd displej zobrazuje 1024 \u2013 \u0161tyrikr\u00e1t viac. Ak vytvor\u00edte video len pre 10-bitov\u00e9 displeje, nebude sa spr\u00e1vne zobrazova\u0165 na 8-bitov\u00fdch displejoch. Okrem toho kodeky komprimuj\u00fa video na zn\u00ed\u017eenie ve\u013ekosti s\u00faboru, tak\u017ee niektor\u00e9 sekvencie \u00farovn\u00ed farieb s\u00fa nastaven\u00e9 pre skupiny pixelov, nie pre ka\u017ed\u00fd pixel osobitne. Je tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee kvalita videa ve\u013emi z\u00e1vis\u00ed od osvetlenia sc\u00e9ny; napr\u00edklad, ak nat\u00e1\u010date sc\u00e9nu, kde stoln\u00e1 lampa svieti na st\u00f4l v tmavej miestnosti, lampa bude dobre vidite\u013en\u00e1 pri n\u00edzkej r\u00fdchlosti uz\u00e1vierky. V\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 objekty v miestnosti bud\u00fa nevidite\u013en\u00e9, a naopak; ak nat\u00e1\u010date video s vysokou citlivos\u0165ou, predt\u00fdm nevidite\u013en\u00e9 detaily sa stan\u00fa vidite\u013en\u00fdmi a lampa sa stane jasnou \u0161kvrnou, ktor\u00e1 zakr\u00fdva susedn\u00e9 objekty.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Preto sa vide\u00e1 dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa vo form\u00e1toch, ktor\u00e9 podporuje ka\u017ed\u00fd telev\u00edzor. M\u00f4\u017eete sledova\u0165 video na akomko\u013evek telev\u00edzore, dokonca aj na starom modeli z pred HDR \u00e9ry, ale modern\u00e9 telev\u00edzory podporuj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie \u00farovne farieb a kontrastu. Tieto telev\u00edzory dok\u00e1\u017eu zobrazi\u0165 video vy\u0161\u0161ej kvality a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa metad\u00e1ta na vylep\u0161enie kvality videa prisp\u00f4soben\u00edm \u00farovn\u00ed jasu a zlep\u0161en\u00edm farebnosti obr\u00e1zku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preh\u013ead vlastnost\u00ed r\u00f4znych HDR form\u00e1tov<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
HDR form\u00e1t<\/strong><\/th>H\u013abka farieb<\/strong><\/th>Jas (nits)<\/strong><\/th>Metad\u00e1ta<\/strong><\/th>Rok v\u00fdvoja<\/strong><\/th>Vlastnosti<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Dolby Vision<\/strong><\/td>12 bitov<\/td>A\u017e 4000+<\/td>Dynamick\u00e9<\/td>2014<\/td>Podporuje 12-bitov\u00fa h\u013abku farieb, vy\u017eaduje kompatibiln\u00fd hardv\u00e9r<\/td><\/tr>
HDR10<\/strong><\/td>10 bitov<\/td>A\u017e 1000<\/td>Statick\u00e9<\/td>2015<\/td>Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd \u0161tandard, jedno nastavenie pre cel\u00e9 video<\/td><\/tr>
HLG (Hybrid Log-Gamma)<\/strong><\/td>10 bitov<\/td>Z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od displeja<\/td>Bez metad\u00e1t<\/td>2016<\/td>Navrhnut\u00fd na vysielanie, kompatibiln\u00fd s SDR a HDR displejmi<\/td><\/tr>
Advanced HDR by Technicolor<\/strong><\/td>10 bitov<\/td>A\u017e 1000<\/td>Dynamick\u00e9<\/td>2016<\/td>Pon\u00faka flexibilitu v produkcii a vysielan\u00ed obsahu<\/td><\/tr>
HDR10+<\/strong><\/td>10 bitov<\/td>A\u017e 4000<\/td>Dynamick\u00e9<\/td>2017<\/td>Vylep\u0161en\u00e1 verzia HDR10, prisp\u00f4sobuje jas a kontrast pre ka\u017ed\u00fa sc\u00e9nu<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Dolby Vision HDR:<\/strong> Najpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1t, ktor\u00fd je navrhnut\u00fd s ve\u013ek\u00fdm rezervou do bud\u00facnosti, podporuje 12-bitov\u00e9 displeje; tak\u00e9to displeje zatia\u013e neexistuj\u00fa a \u00farovne jasu m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 nastaven\u00e9 a\u017e na \u00farove\u0148 jednotliv\u00fdch sn\u00edmok.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • HDR10:<\/strong> Jednoduch\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1t, kde sa HDR metad\u00e1ta nastavuj\u00fa raz na za\u010diatku videa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • HLG (Hybrid Log-Gamma):<\/strong> HDR form\u00e1t bez metad\u00e1t, \u00farovne jasu s\u00fa zaznamenan\u00e9 pri nat\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed ako gamma krivky. Pri prehr\u00e1van\u00ed telev\u00edzor reprodukuje t\u00fa \u010das\u0165, ktor\u00fa dok\u00e1\u017ee zobrazi\u0165, a \u00farovne jasu, ktor\u00e9 telev\u00edzor nedok\u00e1\u017ee zobrazi\u0165, s\u00fa ignorovan\u00e9. Vhodn\u00e9 na vysielanie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Advanced HDR by Technicolor:<\/strong> Form\u00e1t vyvinut\u00fd spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Technicolor, orientovan\u00fd na vysielanie, ktor\u00fd je menej pokro\u010dil\u00fd ako Dolby Vision a HDR10+.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • HDR10+: <\/strong>Form\u00e1t podobn\u00fd Dolby Vision, navrhnut\u00fd pre displeje s 10-bitovou h\u013abkou farieb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Dva najbe\u017enej\u0161ie HDR form\u00e1ty v tvorbe videa s\u00fa HDR10+ a Dolby Vision; tieto dva form\u00e1ty s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne v konkurencii. Telev\u00edzory podporuj\u00fa viacero form\u00e1tov a podporovan\u00e9 form\u00e1ty z\u00e1visia od preferenci\u00ed v\u00fdrobcu telev\u00edzora; napr\u00edklad, telev\u00edzory Samsung nepodporuj\u00fa Dolby Vision, zatia\u013e \u010do telev\u00edzory LG \u00e1no.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V roku 2016 bola hlavnou novinkou v telev\u00edzoroch podpora HDR (High Dynamic Range), \u010do predstavuje video s roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdm rozsahom h\u013abky farieb a t\u00f3nov. HDR nevzniklo n\u00e1hodne. Najprv, v roku 2010, za\u010dali v\u00fdvoja na zlep\u0161enie kvality displejov a bolo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee \u010doskoro sa objavia displeje, ktor\u00e9 nebud\u00fa schopn\u00e9 zobrazova\u0165 obsah v po\u017eadovanej kvalite pomocou \u0161tandardn\u00e9ho videa. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[87],"class_list":{"0":"post-11721","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tv","8":"tag-technologia"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11721"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12246,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11721\/revisions\/12246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global.tab-tv.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}